| Undernourishment (PoU) | People or population share | people | modeled estimate | Annual model estimate / multi-year statistical framework | Global and country estimates | Do not add to the other hunger headline populations. | Often treated as the same as FIES food insecurity or acute food-crisis classifications. |
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| Moderate or severe FIES | People or population share | people | period prevalence | Past 12 months / official reporting period | Global and country estimates | Do not add to PoU, GRFC/IPC/CH, or wasting totals. | Often equated with chronic undernourishment or crisis-level acute food insecurity. |
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| Severe FIES | People or population share | people | period prevalence | Past 12 months / official reporting period | Country and territory records in the validated FIES profile | Do not add to moderate-or-severe FIES. | Sometimes added to moderate-or-severe FIES even though it is already included. |
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| IPC/CH Phase 3 or worse | People in covered crisis areas | people | classification-period population | Current or projected acute analysis period | Selected crisis countries and areas | Do not add to global FIES, PoU, or child-wasting populations. | Often treated as a global prevalence estimate comparable to FIES or PoU. |
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| Phase 3 - Crisis | People | people | classification-period population | June-August 2026 displayed period | Fourteen Cadre Harmonisé countries | May be added to the mutually exclusive Phase 4 and Phase 5 values from the same set and period only. | The cumulative Phase 3+ control includes Phase 4 and Phase 5 populations. |
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| Phase 4 - Emergency | People | people | classification-period population | June-August 2026 displayed period | Fourteen Cadre Harmonisé countries | May be added to the mutually exclusive Phase 3 and Phase 5 values from the same set and period only. | The cumulative Phase 4+ control already includes Phase 5. |
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| Phase 5 - Catastrophe/Famine | People | people | classification-period population | June-August 2026 displayed period | Fourteen Cadre Harmonisé countries | May be added only to mutually exclusive Phase 3 and Phase 4 values from the same set and period. | Sometimes treated as an additional count on top of cumulative Phase 4+ or Phase 3+ values. |
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| Wasting | Children under age five or prevalence | children | prevalence estimate | Survey/model reference year | Global and regional estimates | Do not add to PoU, FIES, or GRFC/IPC/CH populations. | Often treated as another count of food-insecure or hungry people. |
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| Severe wasting | Children under age five or prevalence | children | prevalence estimate | Survey/model reference year | Global and regional estimates | Do not add to total wasting. | Sometimes added to total wasting even though severe wasting is already included. |
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| Refugees globally | People | people | year-end stock | End-year stock | World | Do not add the refugee-like subset again. | Often treated as identical to refugees under UNHCR mandate or combined again with the refugee-like subset. |
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| UNHCR-mandate refugees | People | people | year-end stock | End-year stock | World | May be combined with the other two published components only when reproducing the broad headline; do not add refugee-like situations separately. | Often used as if it were the same as the broader 41.6 million refugee headline. |
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| Refugee-like situations | People | people | year-end stock | End-year stock | World | Do not add to refugees under UNHCR mandate or the broad refugee headline. | Frequently added to refugees under UNHCR mandate even though it is already included. |
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| Other people needing protection | People | people | year-end stock | End-year stock | World | Can be combined with the two other published components only for the broad refugee headline. | Sometimes omitted when readers reconstruct the broad refugee headline. |
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| Palestine refugees under UNRWA | People | people | year-end stock | End-year stock | World | Can be combined with the other two components only for the broad refugee headline. | Sometimes omitted or treated as if it were already within the UNHCR-mandate refugee component. |
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| All-cause IDP stock | People | people | year-end stock | End-year stock | IDMC global estimate | Conflict and disaster stock components can be combined within the same year and source universe. | Often compared directly with annual internal displacement movements. |
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| Conflict IDP stock | People | people | year-end stock | End-year stock | IDMC global estimate | Can be combined with the disaster IDP stock from the same year and source universe. | Often compared directly with conflict-related displacement movements during the year. |
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| Disaster IDP stock | People | people | year-end stock | End-year stock | IDMC global estimate | Can be combined with the conflict IDP stock from the same year and source universe. | Often compared directly with disaster displacement movements during the year. |
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| All internal displacement movements | Movements | events | annual flow | Annual flow | IDMC recorded countries and territories | Conflict and disaster movements can be combined within the same year and source universe; do not add to the year-end stock. | Often interpreted as unique people or compared directly with the year-end IDP stock. |
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| Conflict displacement movements | Movements | events | annual flow | Annual flow | IDMC recorded countries and territories | Can be combined with disaster movements from the same year and source universe; do not add to conflict IDP stock. | Often treated as unique people or as the number still displaced at year-end. |
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| Disaster displacement movements | Movements | events | annual flow | Annual flow | IDMC recorded countries and territories | Can be combined with conflict movements from the same year and source universe; do not add to disaster IDP stock. | Often treated as unique people or as the number still displaced at year-end. |
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| Suspected dengue cases | Reported case events | events | annual flow | Annual surveillance period | Americas regional surveillance reporting universe | Do not add confirmed or severe cases because they are subsets of suspected cases. | Often read as the total number of infections or unique people infected. |
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| Confirmed dengue cases | Confirmed case events within reported suspected cases | events | annual flow | Annual surveillance period | Americas regional surveillance reporting universe | Subset of suspected cases; do not add to the suspected total. | Sometimes treated as an additional population beyond suspected cases. |
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| Severe dengue cases | Severe case events within reported suspected cases | events | annual flow | Annual surveillance period | Americas regional surveillance reporting universe | Subset of suspected cases; do not add to the suspected total. | Sometimes added to suspected cases even though it is a subset. |
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| Dengue deaths | Reported deaths | people | annual flow | Annual surveillance period | Americas regional surveillance reporting universe | Do not add deaths to case counts to create a total burden. | Deaths are sometimes treated as another mutually exclusive case category. |
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| Confirmed share | Ratio of two reported case counts | rate | period rate | Annual surveillance period | Americas regional surveillance reporting universe | A rate cannot be added to case counts. | Not a population incidence rate and not a separate count. |
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| Severe share | Ratio of severe case events to suspected case events | rate | period rate | Annual surveillance period | Americas regional surveillance reporting universe | A rate cannot be added to case counts. | Not a population risk or incidence rate. |
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| Case-fatality rate | Ratio of reported deaths to reported suspected cases | rate | period rate | Annual surveillance period | Americas regional surveillance reporting universe | A rate cannot be added to case counts or deaths. | Not a population mortality rate and not a count of deaths. |
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| Under-five deaths | Estimated deaths | people | annual outcome count | Annual model estimate | World and UN IGME reporting geographies | Neonatal deaths are a subset; do not add them to under-five deaths. | Often added to neonatal deaths even though neonatal deaths are already included. |
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| U5MR | Deaths relative to live births | people | period probability | Annual model estimate | World and UN IGME reporting geographies | Do not add to NMR or to any death count. | Sometimes read as a percentage or added to neonatal mortality rate. |
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| Neonatal deaths | Estimated deaths | people | annual outcome count | Annual model estimate | World and UN IGME reporting geographies | Subset of under-five deaths; never add to the under-five total. | Often treated as additional to under-five deaths. |
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| NMR | Deaths relative to live births | people | period probability | Annual model estimate | World and UN IGME reporting geographies | Do not add to U5MR or to a death count. | Sometimes subtracted from or added to U5MR as though the marginal probabilities were components. |
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| Neonatal share | Share of a death total | people | composition share | Annual derived share | World in this Visual Brief | The share describes the composition of under-five deaths; it is not added to the count. | A rising share can be misread as a rising neonatal death count. |
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| Child mortality ARR | Average annual pace of change | neither | rate of change | Multi-year interval | World in this Visual Brief | Do not add to rates, counts, or shares. | Sometimes read as a mortality rate or as evidence of a particular cause. |
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| Maternal deaths | Estimated deaths | people | annual outcome count | Annual model estimate | 195 countries and territories in the revised MMEIG 2000-2023 release | Do not combine with child mortality counts in this brief. | Sometimes combined with child deaths or treated as the numerator alone for cross-setting risk comparison. |
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| MMR | Maternal deaths relative to live births | people | period ratio | Annual model estimate | 195 countries and territories in the revised MMEIG 2000-2023 release | Do not add to any child mortality rate, count, or lifetime risk. | Often called a rate, read as a percentage, or treated as a count. |
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| Maternal lifetime risk | Probability over the remaining lifetime | people | lifetime probability | Period life-table estimate | 195 countries and territories in the revised MMEIG 2000-2023 release | Do not add to MMR, maternal deaths, or child mortality indicators. | Often treated as a simple rescaling of MMR. |
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| MMR ARR | Average annual pace of change | neither | rate of change | Multi-year interval | World in this Visual Brief | Do not add to MMR or death counts. | The 14.8% required pace can be misread as a forecast. |
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| Global MMR target | Target threshold | neither | target threshold | 2030 target | World | Do not add to MMR or any count. | Sometimes drawn as though it were a forecasted 2030 estimate. |
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| Safely managed | People represented by annual household service estimates | people | modeled estimate | Annual service estimate | World | Subset of at least basic. Do not add those two measures together. | This is not the same as merely using an improved source. |
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| At least basic | People represented by annual household service estimates | people | modeled estimate | Annual service estimate | World | Superset of safely managed. Do not add it to safely managed or basic only. | The source column includes safely managed; it is not basic only. |
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| Basic only | People represented by annual household service estimates | people | modeled estimate | Annual service estimate | World | Disjoint from limited, unimproved and surface water; together they form the lacking-safely-managed total in the same universe. Do not also add that total. | Not safely managed is not equivalent to confirmed contaminated water. |
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| Limited | People represented by annual household service estimates | people | modeled estimate | Annual service estimate | World | A mutually exclusive service-ladder category. Add only within the same year and population; do not add the deficit total to its components. | An improved source can still provide a limited service. |
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| Unimproved | People represented by annual household service estimates | people | modeled estimate | Annual service estimate | World | A mutually exclusive service-ladder category; do not add it twice via the lacking-safely-managed total. | Separate from direct surface-water use in the JMP service ladder. |
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| Surface water | People represented by annual household service estimates | people | modeled estimate | Annual service estimate | World | A mutually exclusive service-ladder category; included in the deficit, not additional to it. | This is one component of the broader lack of safely managed service. |
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| Lacking safely managed | People represented by annual household service estimates | people | modeled estimate | Annual service estimate | World | Contains four disjoint ladder categories. Do not add them to this total. Do not add annual values to claim unique people across time. | Not a count of people with no source, confirmed contaminated water, illness, or measured suffering. |
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